Fully funded Islamic Development Bank Scholarship (IsDB) 2020

Fully funded Islamic Development Bank Scholarship 2020 

is now accepting applications. This program includes highly paid fully funded international scholarships for Bachelors, Masters, Ph.D. & Postdoctoral in almost all major fields.

You will get a chance to study in world top-ranked universities like Universities of Cambridge, Copenhagen University in Denmark, Imperial College London in the United Kingdom, Queen Mary, and McGill University in Canada.

Quick Review of IsDB  Scholarship:

Country: DifferentCourse Level: Undergraduate, Master, Ph.D., Post Doctoral Reseach Program.
Stipend: Fully Funded

• IsDB will cover all the expenses for Undergraduate, Master, Ph.D., Post Doctoral
•  Monthly Stipend  (Varies as per countries living expenses)
• Tuition Fees
• Medical Treatment
• Economy Class Return Air Tickets

Degree level and Duration:

• Undergraduate Programs: 4 Year duration
• Master: 2-year duration
• Ph.D. and Post-doctoral Research Programs  - 3 Year
• IsDB-ISFD for Vocational Education & Training (VET) and Bachelor studies for 21 Least Developed Member Countries.

Last Date: 28th February 2020

Fields of Study for Undergraduate, Masters, Ph.D., and post-doctoral  research

Sustainable Agriculture	Food Security Resilient Crops Postharvest Technologies
Education	Quality of Teaching,  Pupil/Teacher Ratio High Level Training
Education for Sustainable Development	Integration of Sustainability-related issues into national curricula and teaching syllabus documents
Climate Change	Strategies for Reductions of CO2 Emissions. Climate Mitigation  Carbon Sequestration Methods
Energy	Renewable Energy  Green Technologies Solar Potential  Hydrogen Fuel Cells Biogas and Biodiesel
Sustainable Cities	Insulation Technologies,  Transportation,  Urban Planning
Responsible Growth	Reduction of Waste Serving Communities Ethics of Growth
Waste Management	Recycling Carbon Footprint Reduction Waste to Energy Technologies
Population Growth	Urban Sprawl,  Density and Epidemics Overshoot
Green Chemistry	Alternative Technologies Cutting-edge Research Limitation of Pollution
Biodiversity	Loss of Biodiversity Ecosystem Services Mass Extinction Agrobiodiversity
Plastic pollution and Micro-plastics	Plastic Incorporation into the Food Chain Biodegradable Plastics,  Recycling Possibilities.
Water and Hygiene	Water Purity and Availability, Sanitation and Quality.
Health	Medicine,  Pharmacy Nutrition.
ICT for Development	Computer Science,  Laser and Fiber Optics,  Telecommunication Electronics
Innovation & Infrastructure Development	Build Resilient Infrastructure       -  Innovation and Industrial Development,        -     Technological Infrastructure,        -     Product Innovation.
Islamic Economics, Finance and Banking	Mode & Services of Islamic Banking and Finance, Sharia Standards for IFIs,  Islamic Insurance & Takaful,  Islamic Capital Market,  Sharia & Operational Aspects of Sukuk,  Islamic Micro-Finance,  Zakat Management, Awqaf & Zakat Management.
Development-related Social Sciences	International economics,  Journalism Law Intellectual Property (IP) Political Sciences Entrepreneurships.

Eligibility Criteria For Undergraduate, Master & Ph.D., Post Doc:

• Citizens of any of the IsDB member countries or Muslim communities in non-member countries.
• For Undergraduate, Completed senior secondary education (or the equivalent of approximately 12 years of education) with good grades in major subjects.
• For Master, Be a graduate with a grade above “Good” in his/her bachelor studies.
• For Ph.D., Have a Master’s degree in one of the fields of study of the program.
• For Post Doc, Have a Ph.D. degree in one of the approved fields of the program. Have not less than two (2) years of experience in the field of research.
• Not in receipt of any other scholarship.
• Be medically fit and willing to undergo medical tests after selection.

 

Eligible Countries for IsDB Scholarship 2020

Both male and female Muslim Students from  IsDB member countries and Muslim communities from non-member countries around the world are eligible. A list of countries is given below:

1. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2. State of Libya
3. Islamic Republic of Iran
4. Federal Republic of Nigeria
5. United Arab Emirates
6. State of Qatar
7. Arab Republic of Egypt
8. State of Kuwait
9. Republic of Turkey
10. Islamic Republic of Pakistan
11. Democratic and People’s Republic of Algeria
12. Republic of Indonesia
13. Malaysia
14. People’s Republic of Bangladesh
15. Republic of Yemen
16. Kingdom of Morocco
17. Republic of Sudan
18. Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
19. Sultanate of Oman
20. Republic of Iraq
21. Republic of Cameroon
22. Brunei Darussalam
23. Republic of Niger
24. Burkina Faso
25. Republic of Gabon
26. Republic of Kazakhstan
27. Republic of Azerbaijan
28. Republic of Mali
29. Republic of Senegal
30. Republic of Guinea
31. Republic of Tunisia
32. Republic of Lebanon
33. Islamic Republic of Mauritania
34. Kingdom of Bahrain
35. Kyrgyz Republic
36. Republic of the Gambia
37. Republic of Maldives
38. Republic of Mozambique
39. Republic of Uganda
40. Republic of Benin
41. State of Palestine
42. Republic of Tajikistan
43. Republic of Sierra Leone
44. Republic of Togo
45. Republic of Uzbekistan
46. Union of Comoros
47. Republic of Cote d’Ivoire
48. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
49. Republic of Chad
50. Republic of Albania
51. Republic of Suriname
52. Turkmenistan
53. Republic of Guinea Bissau
54. Republic of Djibouti
55. Federal Republic of Somalia
56. Cooperative Republic of Guyana

Dead Line of IsDB:

The deadline for the Islamic Development Bank Scholarship 2020 is 28 February 2020.

• Apply Now
• Official Blog

Fully Funded Turkiye Burslari Scholarship 2020 - Turkish Government

Turkiye Burslari Scholarship 2020

International students from all over the world have been requested to apply for the Turkish Bursary Scholarship 2020 government-funded scholarship. This scholarship will allow students to study undergraduate, masters, and doctoral degree programs at highly respected universities in Turkey.

The courses will be delivered in the English language, and also you will get a chance to learn the Turkish language too. One of the bonus points of the Turkish Bursary Scholarship 2020 is that you will no need to pay application fee like others.

Financial Coverage

• University and Program Placement
• Monthly Stipend: 700 TL per month for Undergraduate
• For Master’s: 950 TL per month
• For Ph.D. 1400 TL per month
• Tuition Fee
• Once-off Return Flight Ticket
• Health Insurance
• Accommodation
• One year Turkish Language Course

Minimum Academic Criteria:

• Minimum academic achievement for Bachelor’s degree applicants: 70%
• Minimum academic achievement for Master’s and Doctorate degree applicants: 75%
• Minimum academic achievement for Health Science (Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy) applicants: 90%

Age Criteria:

• To be under the age of 21 for Undergraduate programs
• To be under the age of 30 for Master’s programs
• To be under the age of 35 for Doctorate programs

Eligible Countries:

• Citizens of all countries Eligible, Except Turkish Citizens.
• Graduates or applicants who are able to graduate at the end of the current academic year (before September 2019)
• Researchers and academicians

Programs Offered:

Turkiye Burslari Scholarship 2020 offers almost all major courses. You can check your list of the program below:

• Accounting
• Agriculture Economy
• Agriculture
• Archeology
• Architecture
• Art History
• Astronomy, Physics
• Automotive Engineering and Technology
• Biochemistry
• Biology
• Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering
• Botanic
• Business and Management
• Chemical Engineering
• Chemistry
• Civil Engineering
• Common-Law
• Computer Engineering
• Constitution/Public Law
• Dentistry
• Design (Graphic Design, Industrial Design, Fashion, Textile)
• Development Studies
• Documentation and Record-Keeping
• Economy, Econometrics
• Educational Sciences, Comparative Education
• Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Telecommunications
• Environmental Engineering
• Environmental Sciences, Ecology
• Finance and Banking
• Food Science and Technology
• Forestry
• General and Comparative Literature
• Genetic Engineering
• Geodesy, Cartography, Remote Sensing
• Geography
• Geology
• Geomatic Engineering
• History
• Horticulture
• Industrial Engineering
• Informatics
• International Law
• International Relations, Field Studies
• Islamic Theology
• Journalism
• Languages
• Livestock Breeding
• Maritime Engineering and Technology
• Marketing and Sale Management
• Materials Science
• Mathematics / Statistics
• Mechanical Engineering
• Media Studies
• Medicine
• Microbiology, Biotechnology
• Museum Studies, Preservation
• Nuclear and High Energy Physics
• Nursing, Midwifery, Physical Therapy
• Optics
• Pharmacology
• Pharmacy
• Philosophy and Ethics
• Physics
• Political Science, Public Administration
• Preschool Education
• Psychology and Behavioural Sciences
• Public Relations, Publicity, Advertisement
• Radio/Television/Cinema
• Security Studies
• Social Services
• Sociology and Cultural Studies
• Soil and Water Sciences
• Special Education
• Teacher Education
• Tourism, Catering and Hotel Management
• Transportation and Traffic Studies
• Transportation
• Urban and Regional Planning
• Veterinary Physician
• Zoology

Required Documents:

Before you start applying must check this list of documents that are necessary while filling online application.

1. A recent photo of the candidate
2. A valid National Identification Document OR a valid Passport
3. National exam scores (required for candidates who do not possess any international qualification or certification)
4. Diploma or temporary certificate of Graduation
5. Academic transcripts (online screenshots and uncertified transcripts will undermine the evaluation of your application)
6. International exam scores (GRE, GMAT, DELF, YDS, YÖS …etc. if required by the chosen university & program)
7. Language test scores (if required by the selected university & program)
8. A research proposal and an example of your written work (for Ph.D. applicants only).

Last Date to Apply:

The deadline for the Turkiye Burslari Scholarship 2020 Fully Funded Turkish Government Scholarship is 20th February 2020.

• Apply Now

Multiple Access Techniques in communication: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA

Multiple access techniques:

In a communication system, it is unrealistic and impossible to provide a single line to every separate user on the network. So what do we need to do? The answer is multiple access techniques. To overcome these problems, different types of methods implemented to share a single limited band or channel into various users.

In communication, Multiplexing Techniques used to allow many users to share together a finite amount of radio spectrum. Multiple access techniques are based on multiplexing techniques. It will also reduce the cost and complexity of the network. E.g., Old telephone system uses FDMA to allow multiple calls on the single line.

Also Read:

4 things You Need To Improve Coverage

Mobile Internet Symbol in your Device

Introduction To Generation In Mobile Communication

Communication channels can be a wireless spectrum, or cable connections are of a higher price. Different varieties of channels adapted to the mobile communication system, e.g., like time slots into frequency bands, frequency channels, and clear codes.
Basic Communication access techniques are

1. FDMA
2. WDMA
3. OFDMA
4. TDMA
5. CDMA
6. SSMA
7. SDMA
8. PDMA

1) FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)

It is based on Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). It is the operation of splitting a single channel or bandwidth into several bands of frequency. In this channel access scheme, every user gets a separate sub-band of frequency like in FM radio. In this system, the user transmits data onto different frequencies at the same time.

It enables many users to transmit at the same time but using different frequency channels. It is necessary to keep the channel wider, to accept the signal spectra of the conveyance to propagate. FDMA is less complicated than TDMA, and it implemented in the narrowband system.

The most comprehensive cable system is approximately placed in every home, hotel, and restaurant, which provides a hundred live TV channels through only one coaxial cable( 4 MHz - 1 GHz). This bandwidth divides into many small wide bands to carry different channels. E.g., At the first one, the TV station requires a single 6-MHz band.

2) WDMA (Wavelength Division Multiple Access )

Based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) uses in fiber optic communication. At the multiplexer side, multiple lights combine into a single light source, and at the de-multiplexer, the light source converted again into various sources.

WDM working Principle

Using FDMA, the bandwidth of an Optical fiber can be subdivided. Different data source gets a different light frequency(referred to Wavelength, λ) to transmit. The FDMA technique in Optical Fiber is known as WDMA.

4) OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)

It is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) uses in the 4G mobile communication system. It is the process of accommodating many users in an assigned bandwidth using the OFDM modulation technique. OFDM Split given channel into multiple separate narrow-band channels at different bands to neglect interference and cross-talk occurrence.

5) TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)

In this channel access scheme, every user gets a separate time slot to transmit data onto a standard frequency band. It allows users to send information or data using the same frequency band but different times slots.

TDMA frame structure

In digital systems, we have no place for continuous transmission because the users never use the assigned bandwidth all the time. TDMA is based on Time Division Multiplexing and uses in Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM).

The primary purpose of introducing TDMA technology is to gain capacity over the FDMA system by providing one band or frequency channel to multiple users. In TDMA, we add time slots in frequency band/channel so that many users can use a single band/frequency.

Digital Bits transmitted in a specified time slot on a given frequency channel. Every user gets one or more than one-time slot per frame, and the entire bandwidth is available to use for a finite period as long as needed. For both transmission and reception, TDMA uses a different time slot.

TDMA slot must be synchronized. It uses the lower number of channels, that why interference can neglect.

6) Space-division multiple access (SDMA)

Space-division multiple access (SDMA) transmits different information in different physical areas. Examples include simple cellular radio systems and more advanced mobile systems that use directional antennas and power modulation to refine spatial transmission patterns.

7) Power-division multiple access (PDMA)

The power-division multiple access (PDMA) scheme is used to provide power to the users according to their needs. PDMA sets variable power transmission between the user in order to share the available power on the channel. For example, SCPC modems on a satellite transponder, where users get on-demand power.

References Book:

1. Frenzel, Louis E., Principles of Electronic Communication Systems, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2008.
2. Skylar, Bernard, Digital Communications, 2nd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 2001.
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_access_method

Ultimate guide to Internet Symbol G, E, 2G, 3G, H, H+, 4G, 5G

Mobile Internet Symbol

Have you noticed (G, E, 2G, 3G, H, H+, 4G, 5G)  internet symbol at the top of your notification panel when you switched on your mobile data. If so, have you tried to find out why these symbols appear and what is the secret behind them? What do these symbols mean? Actually, these symbols are used to identify the type of network you are using on your device. How to let see, follow below article below.

Internet Symbol

Also Read:

4 things You Need To Improve Coverage

Understand Network Modes

Introduction To Generation In Mobile Communication  

Symbol "G"

This symbol (G) represents the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). GPRS is the second-generation technology “2G”. The speed range of GPRS is 56 to 114 Kbit/s. The rate offers by GPRS is just enough to send text messages. An old technology used in the first smartphones. Nowadays it is hardly found on mobile phones. If you found this symbol on your cell phone, it means that you are using the internet with low data transfer speed.

Symbol "E"

“E” represents EDGE that referred to as Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution. It is faster than GPRS. It is between 2G and 3G and known as “2.5G”. The data rate of EDGE is 400 Kbits/s and occasionally reach up to one MBS in ideal condition. That is not quite enough to browse the internet efficiently.

Symbol "3G"

“3G” this symbol belongs to the third generation of mobile communication. 3G provide fast internet connection as compared to EDGE. The range of data is between 384 Kbit/s to 42 Mbps. It allows you to listen to music and browse online.

Symbol "H"

“H” represents HSPA that stands for (High-Speed Packet Access). HSPA provides higher speed internet connection. The data rate of HPSA for download link is 14 Mbit/s, and the uplink is 5.76 Mbit/s. That means we can upload and download with higher speed and allow us to stream videos online.

Symbol "H+"

You will notice that sometimes a Plus (+) symbol appears with “H.” This symbol “H” with plus sign shows the upgraded version of HSPA. It is also known as 3.7G. H+ provide fast internet speed that somehow equal to 4G. According to Wikipedia H+, provide theoretically 21.6 Mbit/s. Now a day it widely found on the smartphone, compared to 4G.

Symbol "4G"

“4G” represent fourth-generation technology. 4G is also known as Long-term Evolution (LTE). Currently, 4G provides the highest speed internet connection throughout the world. If you saw this symbol on the cell phone, it means that you are suffering the fastest internet because it works like WIFI that you use on your computer. 4G is not available everywhere.

What is Network Mode and the best preferred network mode is?

What is Network Mode?

Network Mode enables to you switch between different networks like 2G, 3G, UMTS, LTE, WCDMA, GSM, EDGE and more. The switching can be done automatically, or you have to select a preferred network manually. Keep reading to know about all possible network modes.

• 2G Only
• 3G Only
• 4G or LTE Only
• 3G/2G (Auto Connect)
• LTE/3G/2G (Auto Connect or Global Mode)

  

2G Only

It is also known as GSM Only. That's mean your mobile will search for only 2G signals. GSM (2G) will provide a slow internet connection, and it is suitable for voice services, but the voice will not be clear as compared to 3G only because of low bandwidth.

3G Only

3G also represents in some devices as WCDMA or UMTS only which are 3G networks, and it allows you to surf the internet faster than 2G. Using this mode, your mobile will received only 3G signal. It is better in both voice service and the internet as compared to 2G only. If you are traveling around the world then use this option with caution because 3G is still not available in some countries.

4G Only or LTE Only

In this mode you are forcing your device to look only for 4G signals. This mode is perfect choice for non travelers. Travelers are advised to use Global Mode to stay in network without any issue. Using this mode you will surf internet with high data rates and can watch video without buffering. This mode provides high data rate as compared to 3G only mode.

3G/2G (Auto-Connect)

It is also known as WCDMA/GSM. Using this mode user allowed the mobile user to switch between 2G and 3G. If the WCDMA (3G) signal is not available, then mobile will automatically search for 2G signals. Sometimes the device changes the mode from one to another because of low signals. Instead of using 2g or 3g only mode I will recommend you to use this mode because it will auto switch your network which has stronger signals.

LTE/3G/2G (Auto-Connect) or Global Mode

This mode is especially designed for those who travels most of their times because this mode support almost all Networks start from 1G to 4G. In case if you traveling to a country or a city where 4G is not available so this mode will switch your network to 3G and so on. And you will receive signal without any issue and also you will not missed any single call or SMS.

Also note that some devices don't support 4G Only mode. In that case this mode is perfect choice for you especially when browsing YouTube or uploading videos. LTE Provides fast Internet speed as compared to 3G. Here also switching occurs based on network availability and signal strength.

What is the best-preferred network mode?

If you have read about above section then may it will be easy for you choose best option for you. If you haven't then read first the above part of this post then it's highly recommended to read it first. As per my suggestion best preferred Network Mode is LTE/3G/2G because you allow the device to select the best and reliable Network for you, but the disadvantage is it will consume battery 🔋. In case you are not using the internet on your device, I will recommend you to select 3G/2G (auto-connect) because it will save your battery and GSM is almost available everywhere.

What network mode should my verizon phone be on?

It doesn't matter what kind of device or network you use, same above mentioned rules are applied for all. Verizon American multinational Telecommunication but it surf mainly America so if you are American citizens and have no plane to leave country then 4G LTE mode is a nice choice for you.

Verizon Network Mode Global or LTE

As discussed above if you are traveling outside the country or within the country especially towards village side then Global Mode is perfect for you. But if you are not traveling too far then 4G LTE Only better for you. Because in this mode your device is will received only 4G signals only and you will receive HD voicemail and calls.

How to change my phone network?

Every day new devices are coming to market. These devices have a different method to change their mode so I will go general, but still this didn't help you comment below your model so I will help to you choosing right option.

In general, you can follow the below steps that may help you.

Step 1: Click on the setting.

Step 2: Now search for Connections and click on it

Step 3: You will see Mobile Network click on it

Step 4:  Then Network Mode

That how you can change your network. Still, have a problem or failed to change your network mode, comment below I will try to help in shortest time. Thanks for reading if like it then does a favor share it with your friends ...